The sensors of welding robots are divided into internal sensors and external sensors. The internal sensors can monitor the operation of the robot body. When encountering abnormal conditions, they will promptly feedback to the control system and stop the work in an emergency to protect the robot body from damage. The external sensors will monitor the welding quality problems. If welding defects occur, the manual handheld teaching pendant will display a warning signal, and the operator will take corrective measures.

Common sensors for welding robots:

1. Visual sensors: Visual sensors are equivalent to the eyes of welding robots. Visual sensors are divided into two-dimensional and three-dimensional. Two-dimensional visual sensors can detect the movement state of parts and components, and the robot adjusts its movement posture according to the movement state of parts and components; three-dimensional visual sensors have laser scanners at different angles to detect objects and create three-dimensional images, and analyze better movements.

2. Mechanical sensors: Mechanical sensors mainly sense the strength of the end effector. Mechanical sensors exist between the end effector and the fixture. When the end sensor is assembled and welded, the mechanical sensor performs certain force monitoring to prevent excessive force and impose certain restrictions.

3. Weld seam tracking sensor: The welding robot has the function of automatic weld seam tracking. It automatically detects and adjusts the position of the welding gun during the welding process, so that the welding gun can control the position of the weld seam, improve the welding accuracy, and effectively stabilize the welding quality.